Unit 4 process equipment

            

*Construction and working of galss thermometer-

1) A thermometer has glass tube sealed with both end and is perticullarly filled with liquid like mercury or alohol

2]as thetemprature bulb heated up the liquid rises up in liquid glass tube.

3] The glass tube is mouted on a backboard that is marked in unit called degree when it is hot , the liquid inside thermometer will expand and rises in tube .

4] The opposite happen when it is cold, the temprature is read by finding level of liquid in tube and number on temprature scale across from it 

5]The temprature is written in numbere with the (degree sign).s e.g 70F is read as 70¤F.

*Bimetalic thermometer-

1] A thermometer wich use two diffrent strips for converting displacement of temprature into mechanical.

2]The metal use in thermometer are steel, copper and brass.

2] The strip are connected by using welding tequnics for diffrent tequnique like bulting , reverting there is no no relative motion among these metal the metalic strip can be designed with two metal like cooper and steel.

Diagram-

*working -

1] It depend upon two basic temprature properties of metal , Once temprature changes then there is changes in physical dimension of metal.

2] when temprature risesthe metal strip turn in direction of less temprature coeficient metal.

4]simmilarly when temprature reduce the strip turn in direction of high temprature coefficient metal.

* construction and working of monometer -

1]monometer is called a liuid column. Monometer and is used for low diffrent pressure mesurement . 

2] The usage range of pressure that falls for these devise is around 0.2 mpo.

3] This devise is around 0.2 mpa as it is very simple in costruction and highly accuratein all type of monometer.

1] u-tube .

2]Inclined .

3]servoir.

4]flos type .

*construction- 

U-tube monometer -

1]This monometer is very easily constructed , ut consist of tube of glass bent into u-shape it is then filled with a fluid.

2] The density of fluids detect the range pressure that can be measure.

3]both end of tube and pressure part is connected to the pressure tube measure the device at as guage pressure meter .

4]If both part are connected to two diffrent annon pressure , the instrument act as diffrential pressure gauge.

Diagram-

*Give construction and working of pirani guage.

Construction and working- 

1]The pirani guage measure the vaccume pressure dependant thermal conductivity from heated wire to surrounding gas.

2] A glass molecule colide with filament wire heat is transperant from hot wire. The heat loss is function of gas pressure and it at low pressure , the low gas density and long mean free path between gas molecule provide low thermal conductivity .

3] At high pressure high gas density and start mean free path between molecule will result in high thermal conductivity

Diagram-

* Give construction and working of ultrasonic level guage -

1] ultrasonic waves are use for sound wave and radar use radio waves.

2]ultrasonic waves are calculated , and the distancdof object is found.

3]bots are well known method to measure the distance while travling 

4]The ultrasonic level measerment guage is also used to find out fish fish position in ocean , locate submarine below water level also the position of scubadiver in sea.

Diagram-